Method for the simultaneous dispersion of projectiles

ABSTRACT

A gun firing method whereby multiple projectiles segments that are contained in a cartridge case are fired simultaneously to create a pattern on the target to increase the hit probability of the dispersion. Some of the multiple projectile segments are side by side within the cartridge case and have ends that are approximately 90 degrees to the central longitudinal axis of the cartridge. This causes the projectile segments to rotate around their for and aft axis upon leaving the gun barrel, improves their accuracy, and effectively provides the projectile segments with a higher ballistic coefficient and a higher sectional density, to strike the target at a higher velocity and with greater retained energy to efficiently penetrate the target. Rotationally orienting the cartridges in the chamber of the gun is a further embodiment that provides a predetermined symmetrical pattern of projectile segment strikes on the target to further increase the hit probability of the dispersion.

BACKGROUND ART

With the advent of guns and firearms much effort has been devoted to their perfection in the art of firing projectiles to hit specified targets. An important factor relating to the firing of a gun is the hit probability of the weapon.

A shotgun increases the hit probability by firing multiple projectiles in a random dispersion. An automatic weapon increases the hit probability by firing a random dispersion of projectiles toward a target, thereby covering a broad area around a target and assuring a greater chance of striking the target. Multiple projectiles can be fired simultaneously from a rifle or handgun to increase the hit probability of the weapon.

Much of the prior art for multiple projectile segment cartridges that fire multiple projectiles simultaneously from a single cartridge is from the late 1800's. Nolan (U.S. Pat. No. 221,249 Filed Nov. 1879) uses a multiple projectile segment projectile. Most of the projectile segments that are side by side are held together temporarily after firing by “caps with spurs”, “or soldering” on the forward pointed end, and a “beveled flange” on the aft end. The width of the dispersion is regulated somewhat by the deceleration of the projectile and the resulting force between the forward segments and the aft full caliber projectile segment which separate in flight. “The projectile can be used in either muzzle loading or breech loading arms . . . ”

Rice (U.S. Pat. No. 216,974 Filed Jul. 1879) uses a multiple projectile segment cartridge where pointed projectile segments are side by side. However, Rice apparently uses a smooth bore gun. The cartridge has a “conical or equivalent opening left at the point” and the projectile segments “move in different courses because of their particular shape and because of the action of the air, which spreads them apart as they are shot through it.”

Both of these patents are similar to the applicant's invention, in that multiple projectile segment are fired. However the methods used in these patents, such as “caps with spurs” or “conical or equivalent opening left at the point,” will not fire the projectile segments in accurate repeatable symmetrical patterns compared to the applicant's invention, or be as efficient in hitting the target with projectile segments that retain their velocity, and have a high sectional density because they are spinning around their fore and aft axis, which causes significantly higher terminal effects.

In 1952 a report for the U.S. Army by the Operations Research Office “Operational Requirements for an Infantry Hand Weapon” analyzed firing a salvo of 5 projectiles in a diamond shaped pattern, and found the concept would greatly increase the hit probability of a weapon. With the “pattern-dispersion principle” each projectile had a predetermined hit point in the dispersion, was separated from the other projectiles, and the diamond shaped salvo efficiently maximized the lethal area, and the hit probability of the dispersion. Graphs of the hit probability of the diamond shaped dispersion at different ranges and aiming errors, along probability tables that predicted the number of projectiles that would strike the target at a given range were included in the report.

Several multi-barreled weapons that fire projectiles simultaneously to form patterns were tested during Project Salvo (1952-1962). These weapons were discontinued after Project Salvo. These weapons failed to provide a solution to the longfelt need of simultaneously firing a salvo of projectiles in a pattern.

The U.S. Army determined that the “pattern salvo weapon” or “dispersion weapon” would be very effective and recommended that the Ordinance Corp. proceed to develop a pattern salvo weapon for the Infantry. It was assumed that a weapon would be produced, and in “Operational Requirements” (pages 31-32) the “Basis of Issue” for the “dispersion weapon” that was recommended was “. . . 7 in every 10 infantry hand weapons should have the characteristics desirable for short range use.” However a practical “dispersion weapon” that fired the 5 shot diamond shaped pattern was never developed.

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION

With the present invention multiple projectile segment salvos with a random rotational orientation of the pattern can be fired from rifles and handguns at relatively short ranges. All the projectile segments in the cartridge spin around their fore and aft axis after firing. The energy available by firing a rifle, or a more powerful handgun, can be efficiently used by firing multiple projectile segments in a wide pattern, to greatly increase the hit probability of the gun. A wide salvo of projectile segments will compensate somewhat for imprecise aiming. Random rotational orientation of the patterns produced by firing the multi-projectile segment cartridges will increase the hit probability of the gun.

However, a further embodiment of the invention produces the pattern dispersion salvos called for in “Operational Requirements”. Upon firing cartridges that are rotationally oriented in the chamber of the gun, a predetermined symmetrical pattern of projectile segment strikes on the target is produced.

An optimum sized dispersion can be fired from a rifle or handgun to substantially increase the hit probability of the weapon in defensive situations that necessarily require fast reactions. Rifles and handguns that are used for personal defense are fired with short target exposure times and large aiming errors.⁽¹⁾ The average aiming error for these short target exposure times can be taken into account, and an optimal dispersion in which the standard radial deviation of the dispersion is 50%-100% of the aiming error can be fired.⁽²⁾ Footnote-1 “Rifle, Carbine, and Pistol Aiming Error as a Function of Target Exposure Time” 1955 report by the Operations Research Office for the U.S. Army.Footnote 2 “Hit Probability on a Tank Type Target” 1966 report by the Frankford Arsenal. The report indicates the size of a dispersion to maximize the hit probability for a salvo of projectiles.

Many rifles and handguns will fire salvos generally within this optimal dispersion. Hit probability increases for the pattern dispersion salvos vary widely with the number of projectiles in the salvo, range, and aiming error, but many rifles and handguns, fired quickly in a defensive situation, will have on the order of a 60%-400% or more increase in hit probability by firing a pattern dispersion salvo compared to firing a single shot.⁽³⁾ Footnote 3 “Operational Requirements for an Infantry Hand Weapon” has graphs of hit probabilities of a diamond shaped pattern dispersion salvo compared to one shot for several aiming errors. These graphs can be adjusted for the wider dispersions and shorter ranges of the present invention.

Handguns are difficult to fire effectively. (In a study over an 8 year period the N.Y. Police hit their target only 18% of the time in shooting situations.)

The invention is a system and a method for a simultaneous dispersion of projectiles in a symmetrical pattern from a gun. A projectile of substantially normal size and weight is divided into multiple projectile segments, and positioned in a cartridge case. The invention consists of firing these multiple projectile segments simultaneously from a gun and having the projectile segments strike the target in a symmetrical pattern. Each one of the projectile segments has a predetermined strike point in relation to the other projectile segment's strike points. The pattern of strike points will be symmetrical but it will be randomly rotationally oriented in the first embodiment of the invention. The multiple projectile segments that together make up the larger projectile consists of projectile segments that are side by side with a center of mass offset from the central longitudinal axis of the cartridge, and a standard projectile segment that has its center of mass along the central longitudinal axis of the cartridge, and is positioned at the forward end of the cartridge.

The centers of mass of the projectile segments that are side by side within the cartridge case are offset from the central longitudinal axis of the cartridge and upon firing the centrifugal force from the projectile segments spinning in the gun barrel, because of the rifling, imparts a force on the projectile segments at right angles to the gun barrel. Upon exiting the gun barrel, this force causes the projectile segments to diverge away from a trajectory that is in line with the centerline of the barrel. The amount of divergence of the side by side projectile segments compared to the standard projectile segment is uniform when firing identical cartridges from the same gun at the same range.

One of the main technical problems in the prior art for multi-projectile segment cartridges is that the projectile segments that are side by side tumble upon firing because they are unsymmetrical, have a center of mass substantially away from the centerline of the barrel, occupy only a fraction of the diameter of the barrel, and are sometimes fired at an angle of up to 45 mils. from the centerline of the barrel. These tumbling projectile segments are not accurate or efficient. (The applicant has fired projectile segments that are side by side and are in front of a full caliber projectile segment, similar to the prior art cartridges. Projectile segments that together formed a pointed or round nosed bullet usually hit the target sideways or at an acute angle).

In the limited prior art of firing sub-caliber projectile segments that are side by side along with full caliber projectile segments, the prior art cartridges have full caliber projectile segments that push the multiple sub-caliber projectiles. It may have been thought that this was a more reliable way of firing sub-caliber and full-caliber projectiles simultaneously.

The applicant's invention reverses this placement, and the side by side multiple projectile segments are positioned behind the full caliber standard projectile segment.

The result of this placement is that the back end of the forward standard projectile segment provides one side of a housing for the projectile segments that are side by side and totally contained within the cartridge case. The projectile segments that are side by side in the applicant's invention have ends that are approximately 90 degrees to the central longitudinal axis of the cartridge. This shape provides projectile segments that spin around their fore and aft axis after firing.

The combined features of the forward standard projectile segment placement, and the aft projectile segments with ends that are approximately 90 degrees to the central longitudinal axis of the cartridge and positioned side by side within the cartridge case mutually support each other to such a degree that the new technical result of all the projectile segments spinning around their fore and aft axis after firing is achieved. This new function of the elements of the invention, projectile segments that are side by side spinning around their fore and aft axis after firing, which is parallel to their path, provides a new synergy to the elements of the invention. This new synergy provides many beneficial effects.

The higher ballistic coefficient of the projectile segments provides less air resistance and causes the projectile segments to strike the target at a higher velocity. Projectile segments spinning around their fore and aft axis are more accurate and produce more symmetrical patterns on the target to increase the hit probability of the dispersion. The sectional density of the projectile segments are higher and the terminal effects of the projectile segments are higher, because the sectional density can only be used to advantage when the projectile segments are spinning around their fore and aft axis and are not tumbling.

The projectile segments that are side by side in the cartridge case spin around their fore and aft axis after leaving the gun barrel and continue to spin around their for and aft axis after striking ballistic gelatin⁽⁴⁾, which allows them to penetrate deeply. The number of revolutions of the projectile segments as they passed through the ballistic gelatin is easily observed through most of the projectile segment's path. These results from firing unsymmetrical projectile segments are new and unexpected. Footnote 4 The gelatin that was used was substantially the same as ballistic gelatin that is commercially available.

Cartridges that are randomly fed to a gun produce symmetrical patterns on the target but the patterns are randomly rotationally oriented. The second embodiment of the invention is to rotationally orient the cartridges in the chamber of the gun. Each of the projectile segments that were side by side have a center of mass at a specific vector of orientation around the central longitudinal axis in the chamber of the gun, and upon firing each of the projectile segments rotate a fixed number of revolutions in the barrel of the gun and diverge away from the centerline to strike the target at a predetermined strike point on the target. This creates a pre-determined pattern of projectile segments strike points on the target.

This embodiment of the invention performs the “pattern dispersion principle” that was called for in “Operational Requirements” (page 34) but never achieved. “The point of chief concern, however is to strive for the attainment of the pattern dispersion principle so that the greatest possible gains can be derived, and in that striving let the engineering difficulties argue for themselves.”

By firing predetermined patterns of projectile segments, the hit probability of the salvo is maximized. With this embodiment, the elements of the invention perform additional functions beside their established functions. The chamber holds the cartridge and also provides the correct rotational orientation to the cartridge.

The projectile segments that are side by side disperse away from the center, but they also spin around their fore and aft axis after firing, and strike the target at a predetermined strike_point. The rifled barrel spins the projectile segments to stabilize them, but the rifled barrel also regulates the number of turns of the projectile segments.

A further embodiment of the invention which can be used either in cartridges that are randomly rotationally oriented, or cartridges that are rotationally oriented to produce predetermined symmetrical patterns, is to fire projectile segments that have sharp edges. Projectile segments that are shaped like half cylinders, quarter cylinders, or other projectile segments that are side by side in the cartridge spin around their for and aft axis after firing and continue to spin around their for and aft axis after striking ballistic gelatin. Projectile segments that are the same weight and fired at the same velocity that have sharp edges penetrate on the order of 20% to 50% more than projectile segments that have a small radius on their edges. The applicant has used copper bullets to make these projectile segments that do not deform and cut a smooth path through ballistic gelatin. The cutting action of the sharp edge projectile segments and the resulting deeper penetration provides a new function to the elements of the invention.

A 5 projectile diamond shaped dispersion that was specifically called for by the U.S. Army in 1952 can be fired using the second embodiment of rotationally orienting the cartridges in the chamber of the gun. The projectile segments within the cartridge have specific vectors of rotational orientation. Many other pattern dispersion salvos with varying numbers of projectile segments can be fired. A 3 projectile segment horizontal pattern dispersion is especially effective in increasing the hit probability of a hand gun or rifle.

Prior art cartridges usually had 4 or more projectile segments. The 3 projectile segment horizontal pattern dispersion fires a dispersion that has fewer projectile segments, but each of the projectile segments can be heavier with more ft lbs of energy. This dispersion is very useful in handguns where the available energy of the cartridges is limited. The 3 projectile segment horizontal pattern dispersion has a significantly higher hit probability compared to a single shot, especially at targets that are substantially vertical.

Revolvers are particularly well suited to firing a 3 projectile segment horizontal pattern dispersion salvo. The cartridges are straight sided, easier to assemble, and the rotational orientation of the cartridges in the cylinder of the gun is precise. The 3 shot horizontal patterns on the target are very consistent.

Horizontal 3 projectile segment patterns from a 357 Magnum revolver with a 1-16 twist at 20 ft are 16½ inches wide and usually all the left and right projectile segments will fall within 2 inch diameter circles when the central strike points are superimposed.

A horizontal 3 projectile segment pattern from a 44 Magnum lever action rifle with a 1 in 30 twist and the cartridges singly loaded is 9 inches wide at 20 ft and upon firing multiple cartridges the left and right projectile segments will fall within 1 inch diameter circles when the central strike points are superimposed.

The placement of the standard projectile segment forward in the applications invention makes the loading operation of the multiple projectile segment cartridges more reliable compared to the prior art cartridges. The forward profile of the cartridges in the prior art were made up of several projectile segments. The multiple faces of the projectile segments, and sometimes “caps with spurs” would be exposed, and it would seem this arrangement would be a much less robust design, and have a higher possibility of jamming in semi-automatic or automatic weapons, than the applicant's invention.

Another advantage the applicants invention has over the prior art is that the individual projectile segments have a shape that would lend them to be manufactured and assembled into cartridges more easily and less expensively.

The applicant's invention is very practical and can be used in many different kinds of weapons. The invention improves the symmetry of the patterns for a higher hit probability, maximizes the velocity and energy of the projectile segments at the target and increases the terminal effects of the dispersion.

The embodiment of the invention with rotational orientation of the cartridges can produce many different predetermined patterns of strike points to maximize the hit probability of the gun. Each of the 3 projectile segments in a horizontal pattern dispersion salvo has a predetermined strike point on the target. This new result of a horizontal symmetrical dispersion produces a significantly higher hit probability than any other type of 3 shot dispersion on a silhouette target.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a five projectile segment cartridge with the standard projectile segment 1 located at the forward end of the cartridge. Behind the standard projectile segment 1 there are four aft projectile segments 2 positioned side by side in the cartridge case 3. Each of the four aft projectile segments 2 each has substantially flat ends and occupies a 90 degree sector of the cartridge case 3.

FIG. 2 is a three projectile segment cartridge with the standard projectile segment 1 located at the forward end of the cartridge. Behind the standard projectile segment 1 are two aft projectile segments 4 positioned side by side in the cartridge case 3. Each of the two aft projectile segments has substantially flat ends and occupies a 180 degree sector of the cartridge case 3.

FIG. 3 is a five projectile segment cartridge with the standard projectile segment 1 located at the forward end of the cartridge case. Behind the standard projectile segment 1 are four aft projectile segments. Projectile segment 5 and projectile segment 6 are side by side and positioned in front of another projectile segment 5 and projectile segment 6 that are side by side. Projectile segment 5 has a center of mass that is closer to the central longitudinal axis of the cartridge than projectile segment 6. The projectile segments are contained in cartridge case 3. Upon firing, the five projectile segment horizontal pattern in FIG. 7 will be created with the proper rotational orientation of the cartridge in the chamber of the gun.

FIG. 4 is a rifled barrel 7 containing the projectile segments from FIG. 1. There are four projectile segments 2 behind the standard projectile segment 1.

FIG. 5 is a pattern of five projectile segment strikes on a target from the cartridge in FIG. 1 using the second embodiment of the invention, of rotationally orienting the cartridge in the chamber of the gun. The four aft projectile segments 2 strike the target at strike points 8 on either side, and above and below the central strike point 9. The pattern of projectile segment strikes in FIG. 3 will be randomly rotationally oriented with a random orientation of the cartridge in the gun.

FIG. 6 is a pattern of three projectile segment strikes on a target from the cartridge in FIG. 2 that is rotationally oriented in the chamber of the gun. The projectile segments that are side by side have centers of mass at specific vectors of orientation in the chamber of the gun. The two aft projectile segments 4 strike the target at the predetermined strike points 10 on either side of the standard projectile segment strike point 9.

FIG. 7 is a five projectile segment horizontal pattern that is created by firing the cartridge in FIG. 3 that is rotationally oriented in the chamber of the gun. Projectile segment strike points 11 are from the two projectile segments 5 and the projectile segment strike points 12 are from the two projectile segments 6. Strike point 9 is from the standard projectile segment 1.

FIG. 8 is the aft end of a multiple projectile segment cartridge case 3, where all the projectile segments have specific vectors of orientation within the cartridge. The cartridge case 3 has a mark 13 to indicate the proper rotational orientation of the cartridge in the chamber of the gun to fire a predetermined symmetrical pattern salvo.

BEST MODES FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

Rifles that fire larger caliber straight sided cartridges are particularly well suited to firing a 5 projectile segment randomly oriented pattern of projectile segments for self defense or possibly for hunting. In many cases the energy of each projectile segment in a five projectile segment dispersion from a rifle will approximate that of a handgun bullet. A 44 magnum lever action rifle will fire a five projectile segment cartridge with four 50 grain aft projectile segments side by side (when using the available copper bullets that will not deform and keep a sharp edge the quarter cylinder shaped projectile segments will be 40 grains). A forward 80 grain standard projectile segment can be included in the 5 projectile segment cartridge. Prototype 5 projectile segment cartridges can be made by using hand tools with simple jigs to cut and file total metal jacket bullets or solid copper bullets into projectile segments with the proper dimensions. Total metal jacket bullets or bullets with a similar construction are necessary so that the lead core is bonded to the jacket of the bullet. After the projectile segments are positioned in the cartridge case with the correct amount of powder a firm crimp is required on the forward projectile segment cannelure. With a 44 magnum lever action rifle with a 1 in 30 twist the random 5 projectile segment symmetrical pattern will be approximately 20 inches wide at 40 feet.

Another variation of the 5 projectile segment cartridge would be arrange 4 half cylinder projectile segments behind the standard forward projectile segment. These shorter half cylinder shaped projectile segments are arranged so that 2 projectile segments are immediately aft of the standard projectile segment, and behind these projectile segments are two additional projectile segments, similar to the first pair, with the flat side surfaces of the projectile segments oriented approximately 90 degrees to that of the forward half cylinder projectile segments. This 5 projectile segment cartridge would create a pattern of projectile segment strikes similar to the pattern of a square around a central strike point in FIG. 5.

A 5 projectile segment pattern of strike points that is linier and horizontal can be provided by the cartridge in FIG. 3. Two projectile segments that are side by side with their center of mass offset different distances from the central longitudinal axis stacked on top of a similar pair of projectile segments. Firing these projectile segments whose center of mass have been rotationally oriented at specific vectors of orientation along with the forward standard projectile segment will produce the predetermined 5 strike point horizontal pattern in FIG. 7.

The orientation of the projectile segments in the chamber of the gun is accomplished by marking the cartridge as it is being assembled and then loading the cartridge in the chamber of the gun with the loading mark in the proper position. After the side by side projectile segments are placed in the cartridge case a reference mark 1 can be made on the side of the cartridge case where two projectile segments have flat side surfaces that intersect the inside of the cartridge case. The loading orientation for that particular cartridge can be determined, and the reference mark 1 can be used to place a second mark 2 on side and end of the cartridge that represents the correct loading orientation for the predetermined pattern when the cartridge is loaded with mark 2 in the upward position. (Mark 2 is labeled as mark 13 in FIG. 8 of the drawings.)

A 3 projectile segment cartridge similar to the cartridge in FIG. 2 can be made using the above methods for use in a 357 magnum revolver. The 3 projectile segment cartridge should be rotationally oriented in the cylinder for a predetermined horizontal dispersion that will have the highest hit probability. Three 65 grain projectile segments strike the target in a horizontal pattern that is accurate and approximately 16.5 inches wide at 20 feet for a 357 revolver with a 1 in 16 inch twist.

The applicant has modified a magazine for a 45 caliber automatic by adding a small metal bar to the side surface on the aft inside corner of the magazine. A flat surface at proper orientation on the side of the rim of the 45 caliber 3 projectile segment cartridges will slide on the bar and will prevent the cartridges from rotating. This modified magazine will feed the cartridges to the gun in the proper rotational orientation for a 3 projectile segment horizontal dispersion. Other single stack magazines that feed the cartridges to the gun in this manner can also be modified in a similar way. Staggered magazines in some guns can be substituted with magazines that have a single stack and are modified so that pattern dispersions can be fired.

The projectile segments that are half cylinder shapes will diverge away from the central axis of the barrel to strike the target in a horizontal orientation when they are loaded so that the half cylinder projectile segment's flat side surface is roughly horizontal as it exits the barrel. The amount of twist in the barrel and its length have to be taken into account to determine the rotational orientation of the cartridge as it is loaded into the gun.

Guns firing a 3 projectile segment cartridge with the same velocity have projectile segments that diverge away from the center the same amount and at the same rotational angle to deliver very consistent patterns. Increasing the velocity of the 3 projectile segments will usually increase the spread of the projectiles and somewhat change the rotational orientation of the projectile segments on the target.

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY

The cartridges can be manufactured efficiently by ammunition companies using many existing methods and machines for a large part of the manufacturing process. New steps would have to be incorporated for the manufacture of the projectile segments and their assembly. Forming the projectile segments and using electroplating or a process similar to the manufacture of total metal jacket bullets could be considered, along with using copper projectile segments.

The multiple projectile segment cartridge fires a wide dispersion of projectiles in a symmetrical pattern. These projectiles segments spin around their fore and aft axis after firing and efficiently strike the target with maximum velocity and greater terminal effects. In one embodiment of the invention, rotationally orienting the multi-projectile segment cartridges in the chamber of the gun causes pattern dispersion salvos where each projectile segment has a predetermined strike point on the target. The pattern dispersion significantly increases the hit probability of the weapon especially at short target exposure times with high aiming errors.

The invention produces symmetrical patterns of projectile segments that are substantially shaped like a half cylinder or a quarter cylinder or similar shaped shapes that spin around their fore and aft axis after firing, and continue to spin around their fore and aft axis after striking the target. The invention increases the hit probability of the gun and efficiently uses the available energy to fire multiple projectiles at the target in a symmetrical pattern. 

1. A system to improve the effectiveness of a dispersion of projectiles and to improve the hit probability of said dispersion on a target comprising; a gun having a rifled barrel; a projectile having a main body, having a front end, a back end, and a side, positioned within a cartridge case, with a central longitudinal axis along the center of said cartridge case; wherein said projectile is divided into at least three projectile segments; wherein at least two of said projectile segments have centers of mass that are offset from the said central longitudinal axis of the cartridge and are positioned side by side totally within said cartridge case and said front ends and said back ends are approximately 90 degrees to said central longitudinal axis of the cartridge; wherein a standard projectile segment, that has its center of mass along said central longitudinal axis of the cartridge is positioned at the forward end of said cartridge case; whereby said standard projectile segment positioned forward promotes reliable loading, and upon firing simultaneously said forward standard projectile segment and at least two said projectile segments with ends approximately 90 degrees to said central longitudinal axis of the cartridge that are positioned side by side within said cartridge case, said projectile segments that were side by side thereby rotate around their fore and aft axis after leaving the gun barrel, providing accurate projectile segments that effectively have a higher ballistic coefficient, and a higher sectional density, and therefore strike said target at a higher velocity and with greater retained energy to efficiently penetrate said target to a greater depth and to create an accurate pattern on said target to increase the hit probability of said gun.
 2. The system of claim 1 wherein; said two projectile segments that are side by side in said cartridge case and have said centers of mass offset the same distance from said central longitudinal axis of the cartridge, along with said forward standard projectile segment, are arranged to provide a pattern of 3 strike points that is substantially linear upon firing said gun at said target.
 3. The system of claim 1 wherein; four said projectile segments that are side by side with said centers of mass offset the same distance from said central longitudinal axis of the cartridge are oriented radially at vectors of orientation of approximately 90 degrees around the said central longitudinal axis of the cartridge, and upon firing with said forward standard projectile segment a pattern is created that is substantially a square around the central strike point.
 4. The system of claim 1 wherein; Said forward standard projectile segment, two said projectile segments that are side by side with said centers of mass offset the same distance from said central longitudinal axis of the cartridge, and two additional projectile segments that are side by side with said centers of mass offset the same distance from said central longitudinal axis of the cartridge which are oriented at vectors of orientation around said longitudinal axis of the cartridge of approximately 90 degrees to the first pair of projectile segments, provide a pattern of 5 strike points upon firing said gun on said target that is substantially a square around a central strike point.
 5. The system of claim 1 wherein; there is a means to radially orient at specific vectors of orientation in the chamber of said gun said centers of mass of said projectile segments that are side by side and have said centers of mass offset from said central longitudinal axis of the cartridge, which creates upon firing said gun a predetermined pattern of projectile segment strike points on said target.
 6. The system of claim 5 wherein; two said projectile segments that are side by side whose centers of mass are offset the same distance from said central longitudinal axis are oriented radially at specific vectors of orientation in said chamber of said gun along with said forward standard projectile segment, provide upon firing, a pattern of three projectile segment strike points on said target that is substantially linear and horizontal.
 7. The system of claim 5 wherein; four said projectile segments that are side by side whose centers of mass are offset the same distance from said central longitudinal axis are oriented radially at specific vectors of orientation in said chamber of said gun along with said forward standard projectile segment, provide upon firing a pattern of five projectile segment strike points on said target that is substantially a diamond around a central strike point.
 8. The system of claim 5 wherein; said forward standard projectile segment, two projectile segments that are side by side with said centers of mass offset different distances from said central longitudinal axis of the cartridge, along with two additional projectile segments that are side by side with said centers of mass offset different distances from said central longitudinal axis of the cartridge, are arranged to provide upon firing a linear horizontal five projectile segment pattern.
 9. The system of claim 1 further including; said projectile segments that are side by side with said centers of mass offset a distance from said central longitudinal axis of the cartridge have substantially sharpened edges which cause a cutting action of said projectile segments for deeper penetration of said target.
 10. the system of claim 5 further including; a mark on said cartridge indicating said rotational orientation of said cartridge which contains said projectile segments that are side by side and have said centers of mass at specific vectors of orientation around said central longitudinal axis of said cartridge, which provides a means to radially orient said centers of mass of said projectile segments in said chamber of said gun.
 11. A method to improve the effectiveness of a dispersion of projectiles and to improve the hit probability of said dispersion on a target comprising; providing a gun with a rifled barrel; providing a projectile having a main body, having a front end, a back end, and a side, positioned within a cartridge case, with a central longitudinal axis along the center of said cartridge case; dividing said projectile into at least three projectile segments; positioning side by side in said cartridge case at least two of said projectile segments that have centers of mass that are offset from the said central longitudinal axis of the cartridge; providing at least two said projectile segments that have centers of mass that are offset from said central longitudinal axis of the cartridge, and are positioned side by side totally within said cartridge case, with said front ends and said back ends of said projectile segments that are approximately 90 degrees to said central longitudinal axis of the cartridge; positioning a standard projectile segment, that has its center of mass along said central longitudinal axis of the cartridge, at the forward end of said cartridge case; loading said cartridge with said standard projectile segment positioned forward, and upon firing simultaneously said forward standard projectile segment, and at least two said projectile segments with ends approximately 90 degrees to said central longitudinal axis of the cartridge that are positioned side by side within said cartridge case, said projectile segments that were side by side thereby rotate around their for and aft axis upon leaving the gun barrel, providing accurate projectile segments that effectively have a higher ballistic coefficient, and a higher sectional density, and therefore strike said target at a higher velocity and with greater retained energy to efficiently penetrate said target to a greater depth and to create an accurate pattern on said target to increase the hit probability of the gun.
 12. The method as recited in claim 11 wherein; Positioning two said projectile segments that are side by side within said cartridge case, and having said centers of mass offset the same distance from said central longitudinal axis of said cartridge, along with said forward standard projectile segment, which provides a pattern of 3 strike points on said target upon firing said gun that is substantially linear.
 13. The method as recited in claim 11 wherein; Positioning four said projectile segments that are side by side with said centers of mass offset the same distance from said central longitudinal axis of the cartridge and oriented radially at vectors of orientation of approximately 90 degrees around the central longitudinal axis of the cartridge, along with said forward standard projectile segment, provides a pattern upon firing said gun of five strike points that is substantially a square around the central strike point.
 14. The method as recited in claim 11 wherein; Positioning said forward standard projectile segment, two said projectile segments that are side by side with said centers of mass offset the same distance from said longitudinal axis of the cartridge, and two additional projectile segments that are side by side with said centers of mass offset the same distance from said central longitudinal axis of the cartridge which are oriented at vectors of orientation around said longitudinal axis of the cartridge of approximately 90 degrees to the first pair of projectile segments, provides a pattern of five strike points upon firing said gun on said target that is substantially a square around a central strike point.
 15. The method as recited in claim 11 wherein; Orienting radially at specific vectors of orientation in the chamber of said gun said centers of mass of projectile segments that are side by side and have said centers of mass offset from said central longitudinal axis of the cartridge, creates upon firing said gun a predetermined pattern of projectile segment strike points on said target.
 16. The method as recited in claim 15 wherein; Orienting radially at specific vectors of orientation in chamber of said gun said centers of mass of two said projectile segments that are side by side with said centers of mass offset the same distance from said central longitudinal axis of the cartridge and firing them along with said forward standard projectile segment, provides a pattern of three strikes points on said target that is substantially linear and horizontal.
 17. The method as recited in claim 15 wherein; Orienting radially at specific vectors of orientation in the chamber of said gun said centers of mass of four said projectile segments that are side by side with said centers of mass offset the same distance from said central longitudinal axis of the cartridge and firing them along with said forward standard projectile segment, provides a pattern of five strike points on said target that is substantially a diamond around a central strike point.
 18. The method as recited in claim 15 wherein; Orienting radially at specific vectors of orientation in the chamber of said gun said centers of mass of two said projectile segments that are side by side whose said centers of mass are offset different distances from said central longitudinal axis of the cartridge, along with two additional said projectile segments that are side by side whose said centers of mass offset different distances from said central longitudinal axis of the cartridge whose centers of mass are radially oriented at specific vectors of orientation in the chamber of said gun, and firing them simultaneously along with said forward standard projectile segment, provides a pattern of five strike points on said target that is linier and horizontal.
 19. The method as recited in claim 11 further including; Providing said projectile segments that are side by side with said centers of mass offset a distance from said central longitudinal axis of the cartridge with substantially sharpened edges, which cause a cutting action of said projectile segments for deeper penetration of said target.
 20. The method as recited in claim 15 further including; Providing a mark on said cartridge indicating said rotational orientation of said cartridge which contains said projectile segments that are side by side and have said centers of mass at specific vectors of orientation around said central longitudinal axis of said cartridge which provides a means to radially orient said centers of mass of said projectile segments in said chamber of said gun. 